Red spider:

Develops on the underside of leaves causing discoloration and yellowing, and the stains can be seen in the light, as the first symptoms.

With older crops, there is drying or even foliation. The most serious attacks occur in the early stages. High temperatures and low relative humidity favor the development of the pest.

Preventive control:

-Disinfection of structures and soil prior to the planting in plots, which have a history of red spider.

-Elimination of weeds and crop residues.

-Avoid excessive nitrogen.

-Crop monitoring during the early stages of development.

-Biological control by natural enemies:

-There are species that prey on eggs, larvae and adults of red spider.

-Chemical control.

White spider:

This pest mainly attacks the cultivation of pepper, but has been detected occasionally in tomato, eggplant, beans and cucumber. Early symptoms can be seen as a ripple of nerves in the leaves and apical buds, and the leaves develop curvatures. In more advanced attacks, dwarfism occurs which is an intense green coloration of plants. It is distributed by sources inside the greenhouse, but disperses quickly in hot, dry periods.

Chemical control: Summer oil, colloidal sulfur, micronized sulfur, wettable sulfur, ground sulfur, sublimed sulfur.

Whitefly:

The adults colonize the young parts of plants, making colonies on the underside of the leaves. Of these the first larvae emerge, which are mobile. After going through the three states of larval, pupa and adulthood the latter characteristic of each species occurs. Direct damage (yellowing and weakening of the plants) are caused by larvae and feeding adults ‘Andalusia’, absorbing the sap from the leaves. The damage is due to the proliferation of mold on molasses produced food, stains and depreciating the fruits and hampering the normal development of plants. Both types of damage become prominent when population levels are high. Another is the indirect damage that occurs through transmission of viruses.

Preventive control:

-Placement of mesh strips in the greenhouses.

-Cleaning of weeds and crop residues.

-Do not associate the same crops in greenhouses.

-Do not abandon the outbreaks at the end of the cycle, as the young shoots attract the adult whitefly.

-Trapping yellow color.

-Biological control by natural enemies.

-Chemical control.

Aphids:

Different kinds of aphids present polymorphism, with females and winged viviparous apteral reproduction.

Apteral form the first black or yellowish green siphons present in the body, while those of Myzus are completely green (sometimes brown or pink). They form colonies and are distributed in pockets that are dispersed mainly in spring and autumn, through winged females.

Preventive control:

-Placement of mesh strips in the greenhouses.

-Elimination of weeds and debris from the previous crop.

-Trapping yellow color.

-Biological control by natural enemies.

-Chemical control.