March is another great month for succulents flowers (most winter and spring months are), though this one is more evenly spread out among the various succulent and related families. This article is an introductory guide to what one might expect to be blooming this time of year.
March is still somewhat dominated by aloe flowers, but for pure mass of color, the Mesembs have taken over. Some of these ice-plant relatives blanket the gardens and landscapes of southern California and other Mediterranean climates this month and next with overpowering displays of color. Additionally, this is the first month the cacti really show off in numbers, though Mammillarias have been showing flowers off and on ever since January. As usual, Agaves and Aeoniums are flowering in large numbers, but now Echeverias are adding into the mix. Not to be left out are the Puyas, terrestrial bromeliads that are often planted alongside cacti and succulents thanks to their drought tolerance and similar habitat preference.
One can search around carefully for small, delicate flowering wonders like this 0.5cm Bowiea volubilis (Climbing Onion) flower
or look over the landscape at this typical March scene at the Huntington Gardens showing the last great aloe flowering masses alongside the first spectacular Mesembrynaceae bloomers (in lavendar pink)
Aloes:
Aloe africana is one of the most prolific of all the tree aloes this month, cranking out many flower stalks per plant sometimes. This aloe can be identified by its typical upward swoop of the opening flowers
Aloe 'Blue Elf' is a common sight blooming throughout southern California in March (left); Aloe claviflora (middle) is a much less common sight; Aloe conifera (right) is represented in some of hte botanical gardens
Aloe debrana is fairly well represented at several botanical gardens, as well as private gardens, in southern California and this species is a wonderful landscape aloe when planted in groups. Some gardens may have it identified as Aloe behrana (old name).
Aloe debrana flowers close up (left); right is the end of Aloe petricola flowering time... this is really a February flowerer, but one can usually catch glimpses of it in March as well (right) . It is a welcome change from the predominance of red flowers one seems to encounter in aloes in March (this is red flower month to me)
This curious plant, Aloe camperi 'Cornuta' is another fairly common bloomer seen in southern California botanical gardens in March (left), but what it's relationship to Aloe camperi is unclear, as it is a very different looking plant (huge in comparison), had different colored flowers, and blooms at a different time of year... are they really related? Makes great mass plantings, too, though. Left is Aloe spicata (which could just as well be Aloe vryheidensis for all I can tell), another later-in-the-season bloomer.
Aloe globulogemma is one of my favorites as it has a unique inflorescence. It starts in February and ends in mid March almost like clockwork (both above shots)
Aloe striata is one of the most commonly planted landscape aloes in public areas, and for good reason. It is an extremely reliable and easy March bloomer
Aloe aristata is a plant that blooms sometimes several times in the year, and March is one of them (left); Aloe broomii is often seen in bloom this month, when it flowers at all (center); and Aloe umfoloziensis is a major bloomer in my yard this month, sometimes the only remaining aloe in bloom by the end of March (right)
Aloe excelsa is still in bloom in March, but only about half way through (left is less common orange flowering form, right is plant in my yard)
Aloe capitata is usually finishing up in March (left) as is Aloe chabaudii (middle photo), while Aloe hildebrandtii (right) is usually in bloom every month of the year
Aloe dorotheae (left) is often in bloom this month, but many other months as well; Aloe cremnophila is a March bloomer only (center), and Aloe hereoensis blooms over several months, this usually being the last (right)
Aloe glauca does most of its flowering activity in March. left photo shows both forms of Aloe glauca, which is eihter a small suckering form (also seen in right photo) or a large, solitary plant in the foreground of the left shot
Aloe humilis is another dependable March bloomer and not an uncommon plant to find in both arboretums as well as private collections
Aloes vryheidensis and castanea (left), Aloe lineata (center) and Aloe littoralis were seen blooming in my front yard in March
Aloe ellenbeckii is a smaller species, but has nice bright two-toned flowers in March
These three aloes were seen this March blooming at the Huntington Gardens in southern California: Aloe 'Goldilocks' (left); Aloe percrassa (center) and the nice Madagascan species, Aloe divaricata (right)
Aloe harlana is one of my favorite species and flowers very nicely every March
though it does nof flower for me every year, when it does, Aloe ortholopha makes these nice laterally oriented orange to red flwoers in March
Aloe vera blooms in March, but many other months as well (left); Aloe aculeata blooms in March in my yard (center) but usually a bit earlier elsewhere for some reason; and Aloe pratensis (right) is a nice aloe to have 'end the flowering season' with
Aloe rupestris is one of the last tree aloes to flower in the season, and they can be really showy
Aloe sabaea from Yemen is another late season tree aloe bloomer and one of the odder looking species
this unique tree aloe, Aloe plicatilis, is another late season tree aloe bloomer
in the pink fuzzy flower department, Aloes pubescens (left) and trichosantha (center and right) produce these similar looking fuzz-covered flowers in March (though Aloe trichosantha blooms duringa few other months as well)
Aloe 'virens' is another late season bloomer and makes a fantastic red spash in the landscape this month when planted in large numbers
Euphorbias
Euphorbia milii varieties seem to be endless, and many of them are blooming nicely starting in March, adding nice pinpoints of color to any succulent garden
Above are some of the variations I spied this month around southern California of Crown of Thorns (Euphorbia milii)
other Euphorbia species are in flower (or in 'cythia') as well, including Euphorbia atropurpurea (left) and Euphorbia esculenta (right)
Euphorbia polygona typically flowers this month ('Snowflake' version left, normal green version right)
Euphorbia lambii 'trees' make spectacular masses of lime green when in flower in March (above and below)
many species of columnar Euphorbia are in their finest yellow bloom this month. Euphorbia grandialata (left) and Euphorbia pseudocactus (right)
Euphorbia xanti makes a large, shrubby bush, but when in flower (left) can be quite showy; right shows some small, but interesting Euphorbia antisyphylitica cyathia
one of my favorite ornamental Euphorbias in my yard is Euphorbia characias 'Tasmanian Tiger' and it always blooms in March
Crassulaceae
Aenoniums tend to bloom over much of the year, but March seems to be a particularly active month for these winter growers (above and below)
March is the best month to see Echeveria elegans planted in large masses in the ground (or pots) as it is cranking out nice, colorful flowers this month
Echeveria pallidas are in bloom this month (left); Echeveria pallida flower (center) compared to Echeveria elegans flower (right)
Dudleya brittonii seems to bloom over many months, but March has to be the primary month (left); large planting of Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi all in bloom at the same time, mid March (right)
Kalanchoe bracteata, a species becoming rapidly popular, is a very timely March bloomer (left); Kalanchoe mortagei has spectacular flowers that start in February, but don't actually open up for the bees and hummingbirds until March (center), and the colorful Kalanchoe walheimii only flowers in March that I can tell (right)
Crassula multicava is a nice ground cover species, and has lots of delicate white flowers in March (left); this remarkable hybrid between a Graptopetalum and Pachyphytum makes a fascinating group planting, particularly when they are all flowering in March (right)
Crassula pubescens ssp. radicans is a nice groundcover or potted plant in March (left); and Crassula 'Morgan's Beauty' sometimes flowers for me in March (right)
Sedum pachyphyllum (left and below) and Sedum praeltum (right) and two more members of the family Crassulaceae that bloom in March
Cacti
The very common Astrophytum ornatum is a reliable March bloomer (left); Matucanas aureflora (center) and formosa (right) also tend to bloom this month
Cleistocactus samaipatanus is a prolific flowerer in March (left and center); other species of Cleistocacti also tend to flower this month (right)
In my garden, Cleistocacti are also blooming this month: left is one of my favorite of all cacti, Cleistocactus ferrarei; middle is the ever blooming Cleistocactus strausii and Cleistocactus winteri on right
Some other cacti with great pink color in March: an Echinocactus sp. (left), Stenocactus sp. (center) and Eriosyce sp. (right)
Ferocactus glaucescens var. nudum always flowers for me this month (left); Rebutia hoffmanii in March (center) and my Rhipsalis grandiflora also gets covered with tiny white flowers in March (right)
Ferocactus glausescens, the spiny normal form can sometimes bloom this early, too, as is the colony on the right here in the Huntington Gardens, California
Aporophyllum 'Cascade' is a hanging cactus that blooms for much of late winter and early spring in my yard, but March is by far the most prolific month
Mammillarias wagneriana (left), melanocentra (center) and compressa (right) are all March bloomers in southern California
Mammillaria geminispina (left) and Mammillaria mystax are two more that flower this month (many more than these do, too)
Pilosocereus pachycladus (left), lanuginosa (center) and ulei (right) bloom in March
Thelocactus conothelos (left) and Thelocactus rinconensis (right) can be seen in flower in March, too
Mesembs
Cephalophyllum 'Red Spike' is just one of dozens of brilliantly flowering 'ice plants' in March
Cephalophyllum frutescens (left) and this unnamed species of Cephalophyllum (right) were seen this month blooming in the Huntington Gardens
Erepsia heteropetala (left) flowering in March and Glottyphyllum oligocarupum in flower the same time (right)
Lampranthus amoensis makes a wonderul bright purple carpet in march
Lampranthus arauntiacus (left) and Lampranthus saturatus (right) also produce colorful carpets of flowers in March
Lampranthus arauntiacus 'Orange' is another March flowerer
Lampranthus glaucus (left) and this un-named Lampranthus sp. (right) were also spied at the Huntington this month
Malephora crocea is another early spring Mesemb bloomer
Ruschia pulchella (left) and dichroa (right) also flower this time of year
Malephora 'White' (left) and these other two unlabeled Mesembs were seen in flower in southern California this month
two more March sightings in the Huntington in March
Other Succulent Plants
Two forms of Agave attenuata (the Foxtail Agave) seen above - variety 'Boitin Blue' on the right has upright flowers while the 'normal' form (left) has the classic arching flowers
Agave capensis flowers often, but mostly in March (left); this Agave parryi-like plant is starting to shoot up a flower this month (center), and Agave salmaniana is also shooting up a huge flower spike (right)
Beschornearia yuccuoides is a close Agave relative that makes a colorful, red and green flower in March (left); Agave parryi truncata making a huge flower spike this month (right)
Veltheimia capensis is a succulent bulb that makes wonderful flowers this month
Bulbine alooides (left) and Bulbine latifolia (right) are Aloe relatives that flower in March
Gasteria glomerata (another Aloe relative) always seems to pick March to show off its deep orange-pink flowers
Perhaps far from spectacular, Haworhias can often be seen blooming throughout the year, but activity is particularly high in some species in March
Jatropha podagrica (left) and malaphensis (right), though not exclusively limited to March, do seem particularly apt to make flowers this month
Non-Succulents
Puya berteroniana, though not a succulent, is a terrestrial xeric bromeliad that is often grown among succulents and has some of the most spectacular flowers of all the winter and spring bloomers
Also not really a succulent, this Erythrina acanthocarpa has a succulent root, and some of the most amazing flowers around this month. This shrubby tree is sometimes planted in cactus gardens as its needs are very similar to those of many cacti and succulents.
(Editor's note: This article was originally published on April 2, 2012. Your comments are welcome, but authors of previously published articles may not be able to respond to your questions.)
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