My property is certified as a wildlife habitat by the National Wildlife Federation, and many of the plants in it attract beneficial pollinators and support insect larvae. One of the standouts is native fothergilla, a shrub that isn't widely used but should be.
It's widely adaptable to site conditions, and just knowing it's in my garden makes me feel like I'm doing my part in a suburban landscape to support biodiversity. Birds love the cover the shrubs provide in the mixed border, and I get to watch the foliage put on a spectacular show at summer's end.
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Botanical name: Fothergilla gardeniiCommon name: Dwarf fothergilla
Origin: Native to the southeastern United States
Where it will grow: Hardy to -20 degrees Fahrenheit (USDA climate zones 5 to 8; find your zone)
Water requirement: Medium
Light requirement: Full sun to partial shade
Mature size: 3 feet tall and spreading to 4 feet wide
Benefits and tolerances: Wet conditions; disease and pest resistant
Seasonal interest: Summer and fall
When to plant: Anytime
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Distinguishing traits. Multistemmed shrubs form mounding clumps with a slow rate of growth. They produce fragrant bottlebrush flowers in early summer and possess outstanding fall color. Dwarf fothergilla is disease and pest resistant and is a U.S. native.
Here dwarf fothergilla is planted with summersweet (
Clethra alnifolia) and oakleaf hydrangea at the new Thomas Jefferson Visitor Center at Monticello, near Charlottesville, Virginia.
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Popular cultivars include
'Mt. Airy' and
'Blue Shadow'.'Mt. Airy' is by far my favorite and has the best fall color. It's slow growing and has a good branching structure; shrubs flower in early June in Vermont, around the same time as peonies, and the honey-scented spikes smell heavenly. During summer the plants provide a solid mass in a mixed border; it isn't until the first frosts hit that they begin to blaze.
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How to use it: - In a mixed border
- As a foundation planting
- Near a woodland edge
- To provide a habitat for wildlife
In my mixed border I've put dwarf fothergilla in front of cedars to get contrast later in the season. The evergreens form a backdrop for the colorful show that will start with the first light frosts.
For a wildlife habitat, combine it with fruiting viburnums, aronia and 'Winter King' hawthorne. Add coneflowers or Joe Pye Weed to attract birds and butterflies.
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This is easily one of the stars in the fall landscape, matched by only a few other plants. Put the shrubs in a place where they'll take center stage, and you can enjoy their beauty till the end of the season.
Line a walkway or plant a grouping in a naturalistic border with other notable natives, like bluestar (
Amsonia spp) and little bluestem grass. It also makes a good companion plant to Virginia sweetspire (
Itea spp).
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Planting notes. Native to the southeastern U.S., dwarf fothergilla is widely adaptable but prefers moist to wet soils in full sun. It spreads by root suckers to form colonies; remove the suckers to maintain a compact habit.
The foliage turns bright orange and scarlet when everything else has gone. The color is simply outstanding.