To increase your newly planted tree’s chance of survival, give it a little TLC. When a tree is raised in a nursery and uprooted for sale, 90 to 95 percent of its original roots are removed, so you can assume the tree is in shock.
The new tree needs to re-develop its strong root system, and water is the most important requirement. The roots and soil around your tree must be kept moist, but not wet. The surrounding soil may hold water better than the root ball, and dry out at varying speeds. Check the moisture content frequently for at least the first two months.
The best watering method for the first year is drip irrigation, which regulates and disperses water more effectively. Slow drips work well for trees planted on flat ground and slopes. About an inch of water is needed every seven days through summer and fall if the soil drains well. Two inches is recommended for sandy soil.
Newly planted trees need to be staked loosely enough for the trunk to sway in the wind. Swaying helps the tree develop a strong trunk. Angle four wood stakes at 45 degrees pointing into the trunk. Nothing should be nailed to the tree or rub against the bark. Driving a stake into the ground and tying it together with the trunk is not the best method as it does not help the trunk to gain strength. A two-stake method is also common but not as supportive.
Instead of fertilizer, use mulch to feed your tree, which is an organic material that acts like a slow release fertilizer. Mulch serves more than one purpose. It deters the growth of weeds and grass and maintains an even temperature for the ground. It also helps retain ground moisture.
Spread your mulch around the tree trunk, but not touching the trunk, and extend it away from the base beyond the drip line. The drip-line is the distance to the tips of the branch.
Mulch is ground into varying sizes from large to fine. When the mulch is ground to a small size, less is needed to cover the area. A thick layer of fine mulch prevents air and water from reaching the roots. Medium mulch works well when it is two-inches thick.
Spring and summer is the time when insects and disease can wreak havoc on your trees, so make sure to monitor newly planted trees for infections and infestations.
