Question
Hi Mike,

My question is about my ornamental pepper plant which died couple of weeks ago. I didn't cut the stems and left a couple of peppers on it to be able to get dried pepper. Since once I read that it's the best way to dry pepper if I use the seeds. Now, I'd like to start the seeds but I won't plant them outside. I have a warm house and I'm thinking of buying a plant light. What are your suggestions? How should I start the seeds? Should I directly plant them into the soil or keep them in a zipbag with a humid piece of paper towel first? How warm should the environment be and what kind of plant light do I need?

the average temperature of my house is 70-75F. I live in MA but I'm not planning to plant them outside.

Thanks in advance,

Betul

Answer
Betul, you must first allow the seeds to dry completely. Store them for a minimum of 3 months in a cool location where they will remain dry. This simulates the period of dormancy needed for proper germination. A perfect location is in a sealed ziploc bag stored in the back of a refrigerator.

In regard to seed starting, attached are my general instructions for starting seeds at home. Hopefully, this will answer all of your questions.

Starting seeds is actually an easy process, but success only comes through many years of trial and error. I have been starting seeds indoors for the last eight years and thoroughly enjoy it. Since I start over 500 seedlings, including annuals, vegetables, and herbs, it does become a full-time hobby. The obvious advantages are the cost savings and the variety as opposed to purchasing seedlings at the garden center.

Most vegetable and annual flower seeds need to be started 6-8 weeks prior to your last expected frost.  The exact timing can be found on the seed packets, but 6 weeks is usually a good rule of thumb. Never sow seeds deeper than twice their diameter.  For small seeds, place them on the surface of the growing medium, and then lightly sprinkle the mix over the seed until it is barely covered. Water from the bottom to avoid disturbing the seed.

Seedlings need to be in simulated sunshine for at least 14 hours per day. They also need 8 hours of dormancy for good growth.  You either need to invest in fluorescent bulbs called gro-lights which are as close to natural light as anything sold on the market, or substitute these with less expensive bulbs. By using one cool and one warm white fluorescent in combination, you will achieve the same effect.

If given the correct conditions, namely adequate moisture, strong light, warm temperatures (70F-75F) and healthy soil, the seeds will germinate and grow to maturity with few or any problems. I grow my seedlings in seed trays with individual cell packs. After sowing, I cover with a pre-fitted plastic dome. But once the first seedlings sprout, it is important to remove the cover to avoid damping-off disease. This is a fatal fungus disease which only attacks young seedlings, and is caused by inadequate air circulation and non-sterile soil. That is why I advise all those who start seeds indoors to only use sterile, soiless mixes composed of vermiculite, perlite, and sphagnum moss. These mixes can be purchased at any reputable garden center.

Once the seedlings develop their second set of leaves, you can begin supplementing the plants with a diluted solution of fertilizer. Since you want to keep the nitrogen and salt levels low at this stage of growth, I highly recommend staying away from the chemical mixes. Rather, use a seaweed/fish emulsion formula at ?the recommended level. This will help the plants?development and also help ward off disease. You can purchase these organic formulas at most garden centers or through online websites such as Gardens Alive.

Finally, be sure to keep your fluorescent lights no higher than 3?above the seedlings at all times. This is critical to prevent the plants from becoming weak and spindly. As I mentioned earlier, they should be left on 14 hours per day. If fluorescent lighting is not possible, put them in a southwest window and turn them every three days to avoid leaning.

I am attaching a few websites that should prove helpful.  I would also advise you to purchase 揟he New Seed-Starters Handbook?by Nancy Bubel. It has many good ideas and techniques that benefit even experienced gardeners.

http://www.gardenguides.com/TipsandTechniques/starting.htm

http://muextension.missouri.edu/xplor/agguides/hort/g06570.htm

http://echonet.org/shopsite_sc/store/html/SeedStarterHandbook.html

Good luck, and please write again if you ever have a question.

Regards,

Mike