Question
Hi Mike,
I am new at vegetable gardening. I have just began some "home vegetable gardening". I have planted melons. They have already sprouted. The leaves are broad, however, they tend to curl form the outer, also there are white patches. Whats the problem? how do I rectify this? Also if and when they begin to start growing fruit, how do I prevent it from being stung by insects?
Thanks.

Answer
Lin, your plants have contracted a fungus disease called powdery mildew.  Powdery mildew is spread through spores in the soil or the air. The spores are splashed onto the plant during rain or when blown by the wind.  Although the disease seldom proves fatal, it can cause the plant to prematurely lose its foliage which could result in a smaller
harvest.

The best treatment for powdery mildew is lime sulfur.  This is an all-purpose fungicide which will help control the disease.  Other options include copper and fungicidal soap.  Gardens Alive markets an excellent copper-based organic fungicide called Soap Shield.  You can research this product online at:

http://www.gardensalive.com/prog_display.asp?PROG_NBR=5

I am also attaching a website that will give you detailed information through their search field on this disease:

http://www.ag.ohio-state.edu/

Since you are relatively new at gardening, let me give you a couple of suggestions that should make your experience a little better.

My first recommendation would be to not start too big on your first garden.  Gardening requires a certain level of experience which can only be gained through trial and error.  Too many gardeners start off overly ambitious only to become disheartened by weeds, pests, and disease.

I would recommend starting with 10 or less vegetables and one to two flower beds.  Grow only enough based on what your family can consume.  Otherwise, the harvest and weeds can overtake you before you know it. Some easy ones to start with include lettuce, peppers, tomatoes, beets, radishes, and carrots. Squash is also easy to grow, but are highly susceptible to disease and pests. Make sure you also interplant some colorful annuals such as sunflowers, marigolds, salvia, cosmos, and zinnia to attract bees for pollination.

The first basic in gardening is soil preparation.  You want to ensure that you have the proper foundation for your plants to thrive.  This means ensuring proper drainage and nutrients.  Whether your soil is clay or sandy, I always recommend adding as many amendments to your soil that you can get your hands on.  This means well aged manure, peat moss, and compost.  You also need to control the PH of your soil.  PH kits are available at most garden centers.  The proper level is 7.0 for most plants.  If you find your soil is too acidic, you need to add lime.  If it 's too alkaline, you need to add gypsum.

Next, you need to decide if you're going to use the row or square foot method.  I personally prefer the square foot method because it allows you to plant intensively, meaning more vegetables in a given square foot area.  It also reduces the amount of maintenance necessary in regard to watering, weeding, and pest control.

Once the seedlings sprout or your transplants are planted, you need to water to a depth of at least one inch per week.  You also need to fertilize with a well balanced fertilizer once every two weeks.

Next, you need to monitor the plants for pests.  Row covers are available for young seedlings which protect them from the elements as well as insects.  If you do use them, make sure to remove them once certain vegetables blossom.  You need to do this for pollination. If pests begin to overtake your garden, you need to resort to pesticides.  I personally utilize only organic controls such as pyrethrum and rotenone.  BT or Dipel can be used to control cabbage worms on broccoli and cabbage.

Finally, you'll need to know when to harvest.  This is not as easy as it may seem, and usually comes with experience.  A good rule of thumb is to always harvest when the produce is young.  Never wait too long or the vegetables turn tough and bitter.

Unfortunately, what I have documented provides the mere basics of gardening and only touches on the subject.  Methods such as seed starting, composting, companion gardening, and disease control are also very important, but too vast to thoroughly cover in this forum.

I would highly recommend getting a good general gardening book.  Usually, these give you ample information on a plant's growing habits and characteristics.  I recommend 揝quare Foot Gardening?by Mel Bartholomew.  Another good one is 揟he Joy of Gardening? Many more can be found at your local library or book store.

For your convenience, I am attaching some web sites which will definitely help you in your endeavor.

http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/
http://www.shepherdseeds.com/tips.asp?5
http://www.flinet.com/~gallus/sqft.html
http://www.fernlea.com/veg/index.htm
http://www.fernlea.com/annual/index.com
http://hgic.clemson.edu/factsheets/HGIC1152.htm
http://www.thegardenhelper.com/gardenframes.html
http://www.squarefootgardening.com

Good luck, and please write again should you ever need assistance.

Regards,

Mike