Question
Several of my spring flowering bulbs have sprouted now in early September.  We live in zone 5, but close to zone 4.  This summer was cooler than normal and we have had significantly more rain this summer than normal.  Does it seem likely that these bulbs didn't bloom this spring and are late?  Or is it likely that they are blooming for the second time this summer?  Either way, what will likely happen next spring?  Is there anything I could do to protect them if they are not dormant when they are supposed to be this fall?   Thanks.  Sue

Answer
Dear Sue:

The numerous layers that make up a plant bulb are actually storage tissues. Depending on the type of spring bulb, these tissues contain compounds such as protein, starch and sugar for energy, which are triggered when the soil reaches a certain temperature. For this reason, bulbs grow best when planted at least several months before they are expected to bloom. They lie dormant in the soil until their growing season comes upon them, at which time they send shoots up through the soil, reaching for the open air and sunlight.

Most spring bulbs planted in late autumn and early winter will flower in spring and summer. The types of bulbs that will best suit your garden will depend on the climate you live in, but there are many that work in much of the country.

Some bulbs that should be planted in early winter to flower in late spring and summer include Agapanthus, with its tall stems and blue or white flower clusters; Arum Lily (also called Lily of the Nile), whose flowers incorporate a dainty white outer layer curled around an inner spear of yellow; Dicentra Bleeding Heart, with its fernlike leaves and tubular hanging pink flowers; Polygonatum Solomons Seal, which also has beautiful hanging flowers, but is better known for its lovely arching stems and foliage; and any number of Liliums.

In your case with what appears to be late blooming, I would suggest you let them complete their bloom cycle and cut them back to the ground before the first frost.  I think your bulbs are blooming based on the time when they were planted and not as a result of the most recent climate conditions in your area.  Most likely you will see your bulbs bloom in late spring or early summer next year.

Sincerely,

Mack Jean
AllExperts
Master Gardener
Tennessee