Question
I have a 30  year old apple tree that is about to fall. I would like to propagate it
by seed and cuttings. What is the process for both methods, including soil
type(s) and time of year?
Thank you

Answer
Richard, cuttings are by far your best option. Simply cut a tender shoot that is at least six inches long.  Remove the lower sets of leaves.  Dip the cutting in a rooting compound. You can purchase this product at any garden center.  Stick the cutting one inch into a good potting mix.  Be sure to thoroughly wet the soil prior to planting.  Finally, cover the pot with a clear piece of lightweight plastic.  Place the pot in indirect sunlight on an east window seal or under fluorescent lighting.  After two weeks, check to see if the plant has rooted by slightly pulling on the stem.  If you feel resistance, remove the plastic covering and be sure to keep the soil moist.  The plant should then be treated as any other seedling.

If you choose to propagate by seed, you can harvest them from an apple and then place them in a paper bag for several days until they are thoroughly dry. You must then store them in a dry location that is between 40F and 55F for three months. A good spot is in a sealed plastic bag kept in the back of the refrigerator. This simulates the natural dormancy period needed for germination. After that time, you can plant the seeds indoors in pots filled with a fertile potting mix. Keep the soil moist at all times, but not drenched.

Once the seeds germinate, you can then treat the seedling as you would any other plant. Once the seedling matures to 12" or more, you can then transplant it into the yard.

I hope this answered your question. Please write again if I can ever be of assistance.

Regards,

Mike